सामग्री पर जाएँ
साइडबार को टॉगल करें
खोजें
खाता बनाएँ
व्यक्तिगत उपकरण
खाता बनाएँ
लॉग-इन करें
लॉग-आउट किए गए संपादकों के लिए पृष्ठ
अधिक जानें
वार्ता
योगदान
नेविगेशन
मुखपृष्ठ
हाल में हुए बदलाव
बेतरतीब पृष्ठ
मीडियाविकि के बारे में सहायता
उपकरण
कड़ियाँ
पृष्ठ से जुड़े बदलाव
विशेष पृष्ठ
पृष्ठ की जानकारी
Wikipedia
सम्पादन (अनुभाग)
पृष्ठ
वार्ता
हिन्दी
पढ़ें
सम्पादित करें
स्रोत सम्पादित करें
इतिहास देखें
अधिक
पढ़ें
सम्पादित करें
स्रोत सम्पादित करें
इतिहास देखें
सावधान:
आपने लॉग-इन नहीं किया है। अगर आप सम्पादन करते हैं तो इस पृष्ठ के संपादन इतिहास में आपका IP पता दृश्य होगा। अगर आप
लॉग-इन
करते हैं या
खाता बनाते हैं
तो दूसरे सुविधाओं के साथ-साथ आपके संपादनों का श्रेय आपके सदस्यनाम पर दिया जाएगा।
ऐन्टी-स्पैम जाँच। इसे
नहीं
भरें!
=== Cultural significance === {{Main|Wikipedia in culture}} <!-- Every single cultural, media, or Internet reference to Wikipedia does not need to be mentioned here and differentiation between what constitutes a matter of significance and what is run-of-the-mill is important when adding content here. --> [[File:Wikipedia Monument 2.JPG|thumb|''[[Wikipedia Monument]]'' in [[Słubice]], Poland, by [[Mihran Hakobyan]] (2014)]] Wikipedia's content has also been used in academic studies, books, conferences, and court cases.<ref name="Wikipedia in media" group="W" /><ref name="Bourgeois" /><ref name="ssrn.com Wikipedian Justice 1">{{cite journal |last1=Sharma |first1=Raghav |date=February 19, 2009 |title=Wikipedian Justice |doi=10.2139/ssrn.1346311 |ssrn=1346311 |website=[[Social Science Research Network]] |s2cid=233749371}}</ref> The [[Parliament of Canada]]'s website refers to Wikipedia's article on [[same-sex marriage]] in the "related links" section of its "further reading" list for the ''[[Civil Marriage Act]]''.<ref name="parl.gc.ca same-sex marriage">{{cite web |title=An Act respecting certain aspects of legal capacity for marriage for civil purposes |url=https://www.parl.ca/LegisInfo/en/bill/38-1/C-38?view=about|access-date=February 3, 2023 |website=LEGISinfo |publisher=[[Parliament of Canada]]}}</ref> The encyclopedia's assertions are increasingly used as a source by organizations such as the US federal courts and the [[World Intellectual Property Organization]]<ref name="WP_court_source" />—though mainly for supporting information rather than information decisive to a case.<ref name="Courts turn to Wikipedia" /> Content appearing on Wikipedia has also been cited as a source and referenced in some [[United States Intelligence Community|US intelligence agency]] reports.<ref name="US Intelligence" /> In December 2008, the scientific journal ''[[RNA Biology]]'' launched a new section for descriptions of families of RNA molecules and requires authors who contribute to the section to also submit a draft article on the [[Rfam|RNA family]] for publication in Wikipedia.<ref name="Declan" /> Wikipedia has also been used as a source in journalism,<ref name="ajr.org WP in the newsroom">{{cite news |last=Shaw |first=Donna |date=February–March 2008 |title=Wikipedia in the Newsroom |work=[[American Journalism Review]] |url=https://www.ajr.org/Article.asp?id=4461|url-status=dead|access-date=February 11, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120805155909/https://www.ajr.org/Article.asp?id=4461|archive-date=August 5, 2012}}</ref><ref name="twsY23" /> often without attribution, and several reporters have been dismissed for [[plagiarism from Wikipedia|plagiarizing from Wikipedia]].<ref name="shizuoka plagiarized WP 1">{{cite news |title=Shizuoka newspaper plagiarized Wikipedia article |work=Japan News Review |date=July 5, 2007 |url=https://www.japannewsreview.com/society/chubu/20070705page_id=364|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140312013353/https://www.japannewsreview.com/society/chubu/20070705page_id%3D364|archive-date = March 12, 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Richter |first=Bob |date=January 9, 2007 |title=Express-News staffer resigns after plagiarism in column is discovered |work=[[San Antonio Express-News]] |url=https://www.mysanantonio.com/news/metro/stories/MYSA010307.02A.richter.132c153.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070123064704/https://www.mysanantonio.com/news/metro/stories/MYSA010307.02A.richter.132c153.html|archive-date=January 23, 2007}}</ref><ref name="starbulletin.com Inquiry prompts dismissal">{{cite web |last=Bridgewater |first=Frank |title=Inquiry prompts reporter's dismissal |url=https://archives.starbulletin.com/2006/01/13/news/story03.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230128202726/https://archives.starbulletin.com/2006/01/13/news/story03.html|archive-date=January 28, 2023|access-date=February 4, 2023 |website=[[Honolulu Star-Bulletin]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Coscarelli |first=Joe |date=July 29, 2014 |title=Plagiarizing Wikipedia Is Still Plagiarism, at BuzzFeed or the New York Times |url=https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2014/07/new-york-times-buzzfeed-wikipedia-plagiarism.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220818021218/https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2014/07/new-york-times-buzzfeed-wikipedia-plagiarism.html|archive-date=August 18, 2022|access-date=February 4, 2023 |website=Intelligencer |publisher=[[New York (magazine)|New York]]}}</ref> In 2006, ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' magazine recognized Wikipedia's participation (along with YouTube, [[Reddit]], [[MySpace]], and Facebook) in the rapid growth of online collaboration and interaction by millions of people worldwide.<ref name="Time2006" /> On September 16, 2007, ''[[The Washington Post]]'' reported that Wikipedia had become a focal point in the [[2008 United States presidential election|2008 US election campaign]], saying: "Type a candidate's name into Google, and among the first results is a Wikipedia page, making those entries arguably as important as any ad in defining a candidate. Already, the presidential entries are being edited, dissected and debated countless times each day."<ref name="WP.com WP election usage">{{cite news |author=Vargas |first=Jose Antonio |date=September 17, 2007 |title=On Wikipedia, Debating 2008 Hopefuls' Every Facet |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/09/16/AR2007091601699_pf.html|url-status=live|access-date=December 26, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230127185625/https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/09/16/AR2007091601699_pf.html|archive-date=January 27, 2023}}</ref> An October 2007 [[Reuters]] article, titled "Wikipedia page the latest status symbol", reported the recent phenomenon of how having a Wikipedia article vindicates one's notability.<ref>{{cite news |last=Ablan |first=Jennifer |date=October 22, 2007 |title=Wikipedia page the latest status symbol |work=[[Reuters]] |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/domesticNews/idUSN2232893820071022?sp=true|access-date=October 24, 2007}}</ref> One of the first times Wikipedia was involved in a governmental affair was on September 28, 2007, when [[politics of Italy|Italian politician]] [[Franco Grillini]] raised a parliamentary question with the minister of cultural resources and activities about the necessity of [[freedom of panorama]]. He said that the lack of such freedom forced Wikipedia, "the seventh most consulted website", to forbid all images of modern Italian buildings and art, and claimed this was hugely damaging to tourist revenues.<ref>{{cite web |last=Grillini |first=Franco|author-link=Franco Grillini |date=March 30, 2009 |title=Comunicato Stampa. On. Franco Grillini. Wikipedia. Interrogazione a Rutelli. Con "diritto di panorama" promuovere arte e architettura contemporanea italiana. Rivedere con urgenza legge copyright|trans-title=Press release. Honorable Franco Grillini. Wikipedia. Interview with Rutelli about the "right to view" promoting contemporary art and architecture of Italy. Review with urgency copyright law |url=https://www.grillini.it/show.php?4885|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090330141810/https://www.grillini.it/show.php?4885|archive-date=March 30, 2009|access-date=December 26, 2008 |language=it}}</ref> [[File:Wikipedia, an introduction - Erasmus Prize 2015.webm|thumb|upright=1|thumbtime=00:36.00|Wikipedia, an introduction – [[Erasmus Prize]] 2015]] [[File:Quadriga-verleihung-rr-02.jpg|thumb|upright=1|[[Jimmy Wales]] accepts the 2008 [[Quadriga (award)|Quadriga]] ''A Mission of Enlightenment'' award on behalf of Wikipedia.]] A working group led by [[Peter Stone (professor)|Peter Stone]] (formed as a part of the [[Stanford]]-based project [[One Hundred Year Study on Artificial Intelligence]]) in its report called Wikipedia "the best-known example of crowdsourcing{{nbsp}}... that far exceeds traditionally-compiled information sources, such as encyclopedias and dictionaries, in scale and depth".<ref>{{cite web |author=<!-- Staff writer(s); no by-line. --> |date=September 2016 |title=Artificial Intelligence and Life in 2030 |url=https://ai100.stanford.edu/2016-report/section-i-what-artificial-intelligence/ai-research-trends|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221208003001/https://ai100.stanford.edu/2016-report/section-i-what-artificial-intelligence/ai-research-trends|archive-date=December 8, 2022|access-date=September 3, 2016 |website=One Hundred Year Study on Artificial Intelligence (AI100) |publisher=[[Stanford University]]}}</ref><ref name="NYT-20230718" /> In a 2017 opinion piece for ''[[Wired (magazine)|Wired]]'', [[Hossein Derakhshan]] describes Wikipedia as "one of the last remaining pillars of the [[openness|open]] and [[decentralization#Centralization and redecentralization of the Internet|decentralized web]]" and contrasted its existence as a text-based source of knowledge with social media and [[social networking service]]s, the latter having "since colonized the web for television's values". For Derakhshan, Wikipedia's goal as an encyclopedia represents the [[Age of Enlightenment]] tradition of [[rationality]] triumphing over emotions, a trend which he considers "endangered" due to the "gradual shift from a [[typography|typographic]] culture to a photographic one, which in turn mean[s] a shift from rationality to emotions, exposition to entertainment". Rather than "{{lang|la|[[sapere aude]]}}" ({{literal translation|dare to know|lk=on}}), social networks have led to a culture of "dare not to care to know". This is while Wikipedia faces "a more concerning problem" than funding, namely "a flattening growth rate in the number of contributors to the website". Consequently, the challenge for Wikipedia and those who use it is to "save Wikipedia and its promise of a free and open collection of all human knowledge amid the conquest of new and old television—how to collect and preserve knowledge when nobody cares to know."<ref>{{cite news |last=Derakhshan |first=Hossein|author-link=Hossein Derakhshan |date=October 19, 2017 |title=How Social Media Endangers Knowledge |url=https://www.wired.com/story/wikipedias-fate-shows-how-the-web-endangers-knowledge/|url-status=live |department=Business |magazine=[[Wired (magazine)|Wired]] |publisher=Condé Nast |eissn=1078-3148 |issn=1059-1028|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181022190537/https://www.wired.com/story/wikipedias-fate-shows-how-the-web-endangers-knowledge/|archive-date=October 22, 2018|access-date=October 22, 2018}}</ref> ==== Awards ==== [[File:Wikipedia team visiting to Parliament of Oviedo Spain 2015.JPG|thumb|upright=1|Wikipedia team visiting the Parliament of Asturias]] [[File:Spanish Wikipedians meetup.jpg|thumb|upright=1|Wikipedians meeting after the 2015 Asturias awards ceremony]] Wikipedia has won many awards, receiving its first two major awards in May 2004.<ref group="W">{{Cite web |title=Trophy shelf |url=https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Trophy_shelf|access-date=February 4, 2023 |website=Wikimedia Meta-Wiki |publisher=[[Wikimedia Foundation]]}}</ref> The first was a Golden Nica for Digital Communities of the annual [[Prix Ars Electronica]] contest; this came with a €10,000 (£6,588; $12,700) grant and an invitation to present at the PAE Cyberarts Festival in Austria later that year. The second was a Judges' [[Webby Award]] for the "community" category.<ref name="webbyawards WP awards 1">{{cite news |url=https://www.webbyawards.com/webbys/winners-2004.php |title=Webby Awards 2004 |publisher=The International Academy of Digital Arts and Sciences |year=2004|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722174246/https://www.webbyawards.com/webbys/winners-2004.php|archive-date = July 22, 2011}}</ref> In 2007, readers of brandchannel.com voted Wikipedia as the fourth-highest brand ranking, receiving 15 percent of the votes in response to the question "Which brand had the most impact on our lives in 2006?"<ref name="brandchannel.com awards 1">{{cite news |last=Zumpano |first=Anthony |date=January 29, 2007 |title=Similar Search Results: Google Wins |work=brandhome |publisher=Brandchannel |url=https://www.brandchannel.com/features_effect.asp?pf_id=352|url-status=dead|access-date=January 28, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070220095907/https://brandchannel.com/features_effect.asp?pf_id=352|archive-date=February 20, 2007}}</ref> In September 2008, Wikipedia received [[Quadriga (award)|Quadriga]] ''A Mission of Enlightenment'' award of Werkstatt Deutschland along with [[Boris Tadić]], [[Eckart Höfling]], and [[Peter Gabriel]]. The award was presented to Wales by [[David Weinberger]].<ref name="loomarea.com WP award 1">{{cite web |url=https://loomarea.com/die_quadriga/e/index.php?title=Award_2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080915140714/https://loomarea.com/die_quadriga/e/index.php?title=Award_2008|url-status=dead|archive-date = September 15, 2008 |title=Die Quadriga – Award 2008|access-date = December 26, 2008}}</ref> In 2015, Wikipedia was awarded both the annual [[Erasmus Prize]], which recognizes exceptional contributions to culture, society or social sciences,<ref name="EP2015">{{cite web |title=Erasmus Prize – Praemium Erasmianum |url=https://www.erasmusprijs.org/?lang=en&page=Erasmusprijs|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150115214241/https://www.erasmusprijs.org/?lang=en&page=Erasmusprijs|archive-date=January 15, 2015|access-date=January 15, 2015 |website=Praemium Erasmianum Foundation}}</ref> and the Spanish [[Princess of Asturias Award]] on International Cooperation.<ref>{{cite web |title=Premio Princesa de Asturias de Cooperación Internacional 2015|work=Fundación Princesa de Asturias |trans-title=Princess of Asturias Award of International Cooperation 2015 |url=https://www.fpa.es/es/premios-princesa-de-asturias/premiados/2015-wikipedia.html?especifica=0&idCategoria=0&anio=2015&especifica=0|access-date=June 17, 2015 |language=es}}</ref> Speaking at the Asturian Parliament in Oviedo, the city that hosts the awards ceremony, [[Jimmy Wales]] praised the work of the [[Asturian Wikipedia]] users.<ref>{{cite news |date=October 22, 2015 |title=Los fundadores de Wikipedia destacan la versión en asturiano |language=es|trans-title=The founders of Wikipedia highlight the Asturian version |newspaper=La Nueva España |url=https://www.lne.es/sociedad-cultura/2015/10/22/fundadores-wikipedia-destacan-version-asturiano/1830529.html|access-date=October 20, 2015}}</ref> ==== Satire ==== {{category see also|Parodies of Wikipedia}} Comedian [[Stephen Colbert]] has parodied or referenced Wikipedia on numerous episodes of his show ''[[The Colbert Report]]'' and coined the related term ''[[wikiality]]'', meaning "together we can create a reality that we all agree on—the reality we just agreed on".<ref name="wikiality" /> Another example can be found in "Wikipedia Celebrates 750 Years of American Independence", a July 2006 front-page article in ''[[The Onion]]'',<ref name="onion WP 750 years 1">{{cite web |url=https://www.theonion.com/articles/wikipedia-celebrates-750-years-of-american-indepen,2007/ |title=Wikipedia Celebrates 750 Years Of American Independence|access-date = October 15, 2006 |date=July 26, 2006 |website=[[The Onion]]}}</ref> as well as the 2010 ''The Onion'' article {{"'}}L.A. Law' Wikipedia Page Viewed 874 Times Today".<ref>{{cite web |date=November 24, 2010 |title='L.A. Law' Wikipedia Page Viewed 874 Times Today |url=https://www.theonion.com/articles/la-law-wikipedia-page-viewed-874-times-today,18521/|access-date=February 4, 2023 |website=[[The Onion]]}}</ref> In an April 2007 episode of the American television comedy ''[[The Office (American TV series)|The Office]]'', office manager ([[Michael Scott (The Office)|Michael Scott]]) is shown relying on a hypothetical Wikipedia article for information on [[negotiation]] tactics to assist him in negotiating lesser pay for an employee.<ref>{{Cite episode |title=The Negotiation|episode-link=The Negotiation (The Office) |series=The Office|series-link=The Office (American TV series) |network=[[NBC]] |date=April 5, 2007 |season=3 |number=19}}</ref> Viewers of the show tried to add the episode's mention of the page as a section of the actual Wikipedia article on negotiation, but this effort was prevented by other users on the article's talk page.<ref>{{cite news |last=Jesdanun |first=Anick |date=April 12, 2007 |title='Office' fans, inspired by Michael Scott, flock to edit Wikipedia |newspaper=[[USA Today]] |url=https://usatoday30.usatoday.com/tech/webguide/internetlife/2007-04-12-office-wikipedia_N.htm|url-status=live|access-date=December 12, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230128044344/https://usatoday30.usatoday.com/tech/webguide/internetlife/2007-04-12-office-wikipedia_N.htm|archive-date=January 28, 2023}}</ref> "[[My Number One Doctor]]", a 2007 episode of the television show ''[[Scrubs (TV series)|Scrubs]]'', played on the perception that Wikipedia is an unreliable reference tool with a scene in which [[Perry Cox]] reacts to a patient who says that a Wikipedia article indicates that the [[raw food diet]] reverses the effects of [[bone cancer]] by retorting that the same editor who wrote that article also wrote the [[list of Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series) episodes|''Battlestar Galactica'' episode guide]].<ref name="Bakken one doctor 1">{{Cite episode |title=My Number One Doctor|episode-link=Scrubs (season 7)#ep145 |series=Scrubs|series-link=Scrubs (TV series) |network=[[NBC]] |date=December 6, 2007 |season=7 |number=145 |last=Bakken |first=Janae|author-link=Janae Bakken}}</ref> In 2008, the comedy website ''[[CollegeHumor]]'' produced a video sketch named "Professor Wikipedia", in which the fictitious Professor Wikipedia instructs a class with a medley of unverifiable and occasionally absurd statements.<ref>{{Cite episode |title=Professor Wikipedia |series=CollegeHumor Originals |network=[[CollegeHumor]] |date=September 24, 2008}}</ref> The ''[[Dilbert]]'' comic strip from May 8, 2009, features a character supporting an improbable claim by saying "Give me ten minutes and then check Wikipedia."<ref>{{cite comic |Strip=Topper |Date=May 8, 2009 |Syndicate=[[United Media]] |Cartoonist=[[Scott Adams|Adams, Scott]]}}</ref> In July 2009, [[BBC Radio 4]] broadcast a comedy series called ''[[Bigipedia]]'', which was set on a website which was a parody of Wikipedia.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wolf |first=Ian |date=June 4, 2010 |title=Bigipedia given second series |url=https://www.comedy.co.uk/radio/news/319/bigipedia_given_second_series/|access-date=February 4, 2023 |website=[[British Comedy Guide]]}}</ref> Some of the sketches were directly inspired by Wikipedia and its articles.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.comedy.org.uk/guide/radio/bigipedia/interview/ |title=Interview With Nick Doody and Matt Kirshen |website=[[British Comedy Guide]]|access-date = July 31, 2009|archive-date = July 31, 2009|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090731150008/http://www.comedy.org.uk/guide/radio/bigipedia/interview|url-status = dead}}</ref> On August 23, 2013, the ''[[The New Yorker|New Yorker]]'' website published a cartoon with this caption: "Dammit, Manning, have you considered the pronoun war that this is going to start on your Wikipedia page?"<ref>{{cite web |last=Flake |first=Emily|author-link=Emily Flake |date=August 23, 2013 |title=Manning/Wikipedia cartoon |url=https://www.condenaststore.com/-sp/Dammit-Manning-have-you-considered-the-pronoun-war-that-this-is-going-t-Cartoon-Prints_i9813981_.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141012052730/https://www.condenaststore.com/-sp/Dammit-Manning-have-you-considered-the-pronoun-war-that-this-is-going-t-Cartoon-Prints_i9813981_.htm|archive-date=October 12, 2014|access-date=August 26, 2013 |website=Conde Nast Collection}}</ref> The cartoon referred to [[Chelsea Manning|Chelsea Elizabeth Manning]] (born Bradley Edward Manning), an American activist, politician, and former United States Army soldier who had recently [[coming out|come out]] as a [[trans woman]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=August 22, 2013 |title='I am Chelsea': Read Manning's full statement |url=http://www.today.com/news/i-am-chelsea-read-mannings-full-statement-6C10974052|access-date=February 4, 2023 |website=[[Today (American TV program)|Today]]}}</ref> In June 2024, [[nature.com]] published a fictional Wikipedia [[Help:Talk pages|Talk]] page under the title "Plastic-eating fungus caused doomsday" by Emma Burnett. The Talk page concerned a fictional article describing the unintended consequences of the release of a plastic-eating fungus to clean up an oil spill. The article contained Talk page topics found on Wikipedia, like discussions of changes in the articles [[Wikipedia:Version 1.0 Editorial Team/Release Version Criteria#Priority of topic|priority]] level.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Burnett |first=Emma |date=June 12, 2024 |title=Plastic-eating fungus caused doomsday[2][3] |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-024-01723-z |journal=Nature |language=en |doi=10.1038/d41586-024-01723-z |issn=0028-0836|doi-access=free |pmid=38867010 }}</ref>
सारांश:
कृपया ध्यान दें कि वर्ल्डपीडिया को किये गये सभी योगदान क्रिएटिव कॉमन्स एट्रिब्यूशन-शेयरअलाइक ४.० लाइसेंस की शर्तों के तहत होंगे (अधिक जानकारी के लिये
वर्ल्डपीडिया:कॉपीराइट
देखें)। यदि आप अपने योगदान को लगातार बदलते और पुनः वितरित होते नहीं देख सकते हैं तो यहाँ योगदान न करें।
आप यह भी प्रमाणित कर रहे हैं कि यह आपने स्वयं लिखा है अथवा सार्वजनिक क्षेत्र या किसी समान मुक्त स्रोत से प्रतिलिपित किया है।
कॉपीराइट सुरक्षित कार्यों को बिना अनुमति के यहाँ न डालें!
रद्द करें
सम्पादन सहायता
(नई विंडो में खुलता है)
